![]() In fact, a minority of patients with narcolepsy have all these symptoms. ![]() Cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic or hypnopompic hallucinations can also be present, 2, 3 but they are not necessary for diagnosis. This review focuses on clinically relevant features of the disorder and proposes management strategies.Ĭlinically, narcolepsy manifests with excessive daytime sleepiness that can be personally and socially disabling. Importantly, treatments have improved and expanded, facilitating its management and thereby improving quality of life for those with the disorder. Since then, the disorder has been further characterized, and some insight into its biological underpinnings has been established. In this first description, he coined the term narcolepsie by joining the Greek words narke (numbness or stupor) and lepsis (attack). N arcolepsy was originally described in the late 1800s by the French physician Jean-Baptiste-Edouard Gélineau, who reported the case of a wine merchant suffering from somnolence. Modafinil, methylphenidate, and amphetamines are used to manage daytime sleepiness, and sodium oxybate and antidepressants are used for cataplexy. A consistent sleep schedule with good sleep hygiene is also important. Scheduled naps lasting 15 to 20 minutes can improve alertness. Total sleep time is normal, but sleep is fragmented. They go into rapid eye movement sleep soon after falling asleep. People with narcolepsy feel sleepy and can fall asleep quickly, but they do not stay asleep for long. Features of narcolepsy include daytime sleepiness, sleep attacks, cataplexy (in narcolepsy type 1), sleep paralysis, and sleep-related hallucinations.
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